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Proton is an electronic purse application for debit cards in Belgium. The system was introduced in February 1995 with the goal to replace cash primarily for small transactions around € 15. For security, the card is limited to storing 125.00 EUR of available electronic cash (originally 5,000 BEF). The card is used for small payments without a pin code or signature, and runs the same risk as with ordinary cash in that if the card is lost the cash value allocated to the card is also lost. The advantage to merchants is that they can accept payments without the necessity for a bank terminal to be connected to a centralised system for approving the transaction (the transaction is approved by the card itself), and the transaction is very quick. Proton has seen limited success in Belgium, despite being available on commonplace on parking meters, pay phones, and within convenience stores; possibly due to a poor understanding of the system. Despite this, the system has also been implemented in other countries such as Chipknip in the Netherlands, and has been considered for other markets such as Australia.〔Basel. (''Payment Systems in Australia'' ), Reserve Bank of Australia, 1999, p. 12. ISBN 92-9131-069-7〕 Security was based on the Message authentication code. The system will be retired on 31 December 2014. Customers are requested to offload the charged amount back onto their bank account before the expiration date. == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Proton (bank card)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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